The Preamble to the Old Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers in the Philippines
CODE OF ETHICS FOR PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS
Pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (e), Article 11, of R.A. No. 7836,
otherwise known as the Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994, and
paragraph (a), section 6, P.D. No. 223, as amended, the Board for Professional
Teachers at this moment adopt the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers.
PREAMBLE
Teachers have duly licensed professionals who possess dignity and a reputation with
high moral values as well as technical and professional competence in the
practice of their noble profession. They strictly adhere to, observe, and
practice this set of ethical and moral principles, standards, and values.
Article 1 of the
Old Code of Ethics for Filipino Teachers
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
Section 1. The Philippine Constitution
provides that all educational institutions shall offer quality education for
all competent teachers. Committed to its full realization, the provision of
this Code shall apply, therefore, to all teachers in schools in the
Philippines.
Section 2. This Code covers all public
and private school teachers in all educational institutions at the preschool,
primary, elementary, and secondary levels, whether academic, vocational,
special, technical, or non-formal. The term "teacher" shall include
industrial arts or vocational teachers and all other persons performing
supervisory and administrative functions in all schools at the levels above,
whether on a full-time or part-time basis.
Article 2 of the
Old Code of Ethics for Filipino Teachers
THE TEACHER AND THE STATE
Section 1. The schools are the nurseries of the future citizens of the state;
each teacher is a trustee of the cultural and educational heritage of the
nation and is under obligation to transmit to learners such heritage as well as
to elevate national morality, promote national pride, cultivate the love of
country, instill allegiance to the constitution and for all duly constituted
authorities, and promote obedience to the laws of the state.
Section 2. Every teacher or school official shall actively help carry out the
declared policies of the state and shall take an oath to this effect.
Section 3. In the interest of the State and of the Filipino people as much as his
own, every teacher shall be physically, mentally, and morally fit.
Section 4. Every teacher shall possess and actualize a full commitment and
devotion to duty.
Section 5. A teacher shall not engage in the promotion of any political,
religious, or other partisan interest and shall not, directly or indirectly,
solicit, require, collect, or receive any money or service, or other valuable
material from any person or entity for such purposes.
Section 6. Every teacher shall vote and shall exercise all other constitutional
rights and responsibilities.
Section 7. A teacher shall not use his position, official authority, or
influence to coerce any other person to follow any political course of action.
Section 8. Every teacher shall enjoy academic freedom and shall have the privilege
of expounding the product of his research and investigations, provided that, if
the results are inimical to the declared policies of the State, they shall be
brought to the proper authorities for appropriate remedial action.
Article 3 of the
Old Code of Ethics for Filipino Teachers
THE TEACHER AND THE COMMUNITY
Section 1. A teacher is a facilitator of learning and the youth’s development;
therefore, he shall render the best service by providing an environment
conducive to learning and growth.
Section 2. Every teacher shall provide leadership and initiative to actively
participate in community movements for moral, social, educational, economic,
and civic betterment.
Section 3. Every teacher shall merit reasonable social recognition for which
purpose he shall behave with honor and dignity at all times and refrain from
such activities as gambling, smoking, drunkenness, and other excesses, much
less illicit relations.
Section 4. Every teacher shall live for and with the community and, therefore,
study and understand local customs and traditions to have a sympathetic
attitude and refrain from disparaging the community.
Section 5. Every teacher shall help the school keep the people in the community
informed about the school’s work and accomplishments and its needs and
problems.
Section 6. Every teacher is an intellectual leader in the community, especially
in the barangay, and shall welcome the opportunity to provide such leadership
when needed, to extend counseling services as appropriate, and to actively be
involved in matters affecting the welfare of the people.
Section 7. Every teacher shall maintain harmonious and pleasant personal and
official relations with other professionals, government officials, and people,
individually or collectively.
Section 8. A teacher is free to attend church and worship as appropriate but
shall not use his positions and influence to proselyte others.
Article 4 of the
Old Code of Ethics for Filipino Teachers
A TEACHER AND THE PROFESSION
Section 1. Every teacher shall actively ensure that teaching is the noblest
profession and manifest genuine enthusiasm and pride in teaching as a noble
calling.
Section 2. Every teacher shall uphold the highest possible standards of quality
education, make the best preparations for the teaching career, and be at his
best at all times and in the practice of his profession.
Section 3. Every teacher shall participate in the Continuing Professional
Education (CPE) program of the Professional Regulation Commission and pursue
such other studies to improve his efficiency, enhance the profession's prestige,
and strengthen his competence, virtues, and productivity to be nationally and
internationally competitive.
Section 4. Every teacher shall help, if duly authorized, to seek support from
the school but shall not make improper misrepresentations through personal
advertisements and other questionable means.
Section 5. Every teacher shall use the teaching profession in a manner that
makes it dignified means for earning a decent living.
Article 5 of the
Old Code of Ethics for Filipino Teachers
THE TEACHERS AND THE PROFESSION
Section 1. Teachers shall always be imbued with the spirit of
professional loyalty, mutual confidence, faith in one another, self-sacrifice
for the common good, and full cooperation with colleagues. When the best
interest of the learners, the school, or the profession is at stake in any
controversy, teachers shall support one another.
Section 2. A teacher is not entitled to claim credit or work, not of his own,
and shall give due credit for the work of others he may use.
Section 3. Before leaving his position, a teacher shall organize for whoever
assumes the position such records and other data as are necessary to carry on
the work.
Section 4. A teacher shall hold inviolate all confidential information concerning
associates and the school and shall not divulge to anyone documents that have
not been officially released or remove records from files without permission.
Section 5. It shall be the responsibility of every teacher to seek correctives
for what may appear to be unprofessional and unethical conduct of any
associate. However, this may be done only if there is incontrovertible evidence
for such conduct.
Section 6. A teacher may submit to the proper authorities any justifiable
criticism against an associate, preferably in writing, without violating the
right of the individual concerned.
Section 7. A teacher may apply for a vacant position for which he is qualified,
provided that he respects the selection system based on merit and competence,
provided that all qualified candidates are allowed to be considered.
Article 6 of the
Old Code of Ethics for Filipino Teachers
THE TEACHER AND HIGHER AUTHORITIES IN
THE PROFESSION
Section 1. Every teacher shall make it
his duty to make an honest effort to understand and support the legitimate
policies of the school and the administration regardless of personal feelings
or private opinions and shall faithfully carry them out.
Section 2. A teacher shall not make false
accusations or charges against superiors, especially under anonymity. However,
if there are valid charges, he should present such under oath to the competent
authority.
Section 3. A teacher shall transact all
official business through channels except when special conditions warrant a
different procedure, such as when special conditions are advocated but are
opposed by immediate superiors. In this case, the teacher shall appeal directly
to the appropriate higher authority.
Section 4. Every teacher, individually
or as part of a group, has a right to seek redress against injustice to the
administration and the extent possible, shall raise grievances within
acceptable democratic possesses. In doing so, they shall avoid jeopardizing the
interest and the welfare of learners who’s right to learn must be respected.
Section 5. Every teacher has a right to
invoke the principle that appointments, promotions, and transfers of teachers
are made only based on merit and needed in the interest of the service.
Section 6. A teacher who accepts a
position assumes a contractual obligation to live up to his contract, assuming
full knowledge of employment terms and conditions.
Article 7 of the
Old Code of Ethics for Filipino Teachers
SCHOOL OFFICIALS, TEACHERS, AND OTHER
PERSONNEL
Section 1. All school officials shall at all times show professional courtesy,
helpfulness, and sympathy towards teachers and other personnel, such practices
being standards of effective school supervision, dignified administration,
responsible leadership, and enlightened directions.
Section 2. School officials, teachers, and other school personnel shall
consider it their cooperative responsibility to formulate policies or introduce
important changes in the system at all levels.
Section 3. School officials shall encourage and attend to the professional
growth of all teachers under them, such as recommending them for promotion,
giving them due recognition for meritorious performance, and allowing them to
participate in conferences in training programs.
Section 4. No school officials shall dismiss or recommend for dismissal a
teacher or other subordinates except for cause.
Section 5. School authority’s concern shall ensure that public school teachers
are employed by pertinent civil service rules and private school teachers are
issued contracts specifying the terms and conditions of their work, provided
that they are given if qualified, subsequent permanent tenure by existing laws.
Article 8 of the
Old Code of Ethics for Filipino Teachers
THE TEACHERS AND LEARNERS
Section 1. A teacher has a right and
duty to determine the academic marks and the promotions of learners in the
subject or grades he handles, provided that such determination shall be in
accordance with generally accepted procedures of evaluation and measurement. In
case of any complaint, teachers concerned shall immediately take appropriate
actions, observing due process.
Section 2. A teacher shall recognize
that the interest and welfare of learners are of first and foremost concern and
shall deal justifiably and impartially with each of them.
Section 3. Under no circumstance shall
a teacher be prejudiced or discriminate against a learner.
Section 4. A teacher shall not accept
favors or gifts from learners, their parents, or others on their behalf in
exchange for requested concessions, especially if undeserved.
Section 5. A teacher shall not accept,
directly or indirectly, any remuneration from tutorials other than what is
authorized for such service.
Section 6. A teacher shall base the
evaluation of the learner’s work only on merit and quality of academic performance.
Section 7. In a situation where mutual
attraction and subsequent love develop between teacher and learner, the teacher
shall exercise utmost professional discretion to avoid scandal, gossip, and
preferential treatment of the learner.
Section 8. A teacher shall not inflict
corporal punishment on offending learners nor make deductions from their
scholastic ratings as a punishment for acts that are clearly not manifestation
of poor scholarship.
Section 9. A teacher shall ensure that
conditions contributing to the maximum development of learners are adequate and
shall extend needed assistance in preventing or solving learners’ problems and
difficulties.
Article 9 of the
Old Code of Ethics for Filipino Teachers
THE TEACHERS AND PARENTS
Section 1. Every teacher shall establish and maintain cordial relations with
parents and conduct himself to merit their confidence and respect.
Section 2. Every teacher shall inform parents, through proper authorities, of
the progress and deficiencies of the learner under him, exercising utmost
candor and tact in pointing out the learner's deficiencies and in seeking
parent's cooperation for the proper guidance and improvement of the learners.
Section 3. A teacher shall hear parents’ complaints with sympathy and
understanding and discourage unfair criticism.
Article 10 of
the Old Code of Ethics for Filipino Teachers
THE TEACHER AND BUSINESS
Section 1. A teacher has the right to engage, directly or indirectly, in
legitimate income generation, provided that it does not relate to or adversely
affect his work as a teacher.
Section 2. A teacher shall maintain a good reputation concerning financial
matters such as in the settlement of his debts and loans in arranging
satisfactorily his private financial affairs.
Section 3. No teacher shall act, directly or indirectly, as an agent of, or be
financially interested in, any commercial venture which furnishes textbooks and
other school commodities in the purchase and disposal of which he can exercise
official influence, except only when his assignment is inherent, related to
such purchase and disposal; provided they shall be by the existing regulations;
provided, further, that members of duly recognized teachers cooperatives may
participate in the distribution and sale of such commodities.
Article 11 of
the Old Code of Ethics for Filipino Teachers
THE TEACHER AS A PERSON
Section 1. A teacher is, above all, a human being endowed with life for which
it is the highest obligation to live with dignity, whether in school, in the
home, or elsewhere.
Section 2. A teacher shall place a premium upon self-discipline as the primary
principle of personal behavior in all relationships with others and in all
situations.
Section 3. A teacher shall always maintain a dignified personality that could
serve as a model worthy of emulation by learners, peers, and all others.
Section 4. A teacher shall always recognize the Almighty God as a guide of his
own destiny and the destinies of men and nations.
Article 12 of
the Old Code of Ethics for Filipino Teachers
DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS
Section 1. Any violation of any provision of this code shall be sufficient
ground for the imposition against the erring teacher of disciplinary action
consisting of revocation of his Certification of Registration and License as a
Professional Teacher, suspension from the practice of the teaching profession,
or reprimand or cancellation of his temporary/special permit under causes
specified in Sec. 23, Article III or R.A. No. 7836, and under Rule 31, Article
VIII, of the Rules and Regulations Implementing R.A. 7836.
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