FOOD - TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD EDUCATION

FOOD TECHNOLOGY

1. What is the best way to prepare vegetables to retain the most antioxidant activity?

a. serve raw

b. steam lightly

c. boil

d. microwave

 

2. Which of the following can neutralize ‘bad’ cholesterol, so it doesn’t damage your arteries?

a. papaya

b. sweet potato

c. nuts

d. all of the above

 

3. For preventative regimens, experts recommend getting antioxidants from food as well as relying on supplements because ________.

a. supplements mostly contain therapeutic antioxidants, whereas foods contain maintenance amounts.

b. supplements do not contain the variety of phytochemicals that fruits and vegetables do

c. many people can’t remember to take pills

d. supplements must be taken in mega-doses to have an effect.

 

4. Which drink bestows the most heart-healthy antioxidant power?

a. green tea

b. pomegranate juice

c. cranberry juice

d. orange juice

 

5. A free radical is ________.

a.   a cell that promotes health throughout the body.

b.   a naturally or artificially occurring substance that causes disease if left unchecked.

c.   a vitamin distributed at no charge at health food stores and natural-medicine clinics.

d.   a nutrient that corrects any imbalance in your body.

 

6.  Which action causes free radicals to form, potentially putting you at greater risk of heart disease?

a.   eating pie à la mode

b.   taking high amounts of a single antioxidant

c.   exercise and breathing

d.   all of the above

 

7.   Which of the following statements is accurate as it relates to your genes and free radical activity in your body?

a.   free radicals promote gene and cell division.

b.   your DNA is unaffected by free radicals.

c.   free radicals can cause genetic mutations.

d.   both A and C

 

8.  Which statement is false?

a.   in general, more color in fruits and veggies indicates greater antioxidant activity.

b.   consuming different colored fruits and veggies in a meal will usually ensure a wider variety of nutrients.

c.   you should shoot for three servings of fruits and veggies daily.

d.   eating lots of antioxidant-rich fruits and veggies will also fill you up, preventing overeating.

 

9.  Which of the following does not contain antioxidants?

a.   pizza and whole grains

b.   nuts and chocolate

c.   coffee

d.   none of the above

 

10. Under exceptional circumstances, free radicals can be a good thing for your body because:

a.   they can give you a boost of energy at the end of a long-distance workout.

b.   they are your body’s weaponry to fight viruses and bacteria.

c.   they can protect your skin from the sun’s harmful rays.

d.   they cause mutations in our genetic code; without that, our species wouldn’t evolve.

 

11. The following environmental toxin causes harmful amounts of free radicals to accumulate in the body:

a.   sunlight, UV, and solar radiation

b.   cellphone - tower radiation

c.   ‘background’ radiation and industrial smog

d.   all of the above

 

12. Which of the following medical investigation techniques does not cause free radical accumulation in the body?

a.   Medical x- rays

b.   CAT scans

c.   Mammography

d.   Ultrasound

 

13. Which of the following will cause the freest radical accumulation in your body?

a.   spending four hours in a smoke-laden bar and an intense two-hour workout

b.   drinking five beers and eating two combos at McDonald’s

c.   listening to an hour-long lecture from your boss

d.   all of the above

 

14. Which of the following does not have antioxidant qualities?

a.   Vitamin E

b.   Vitamin K

c.   Calcium

d.   Omega-3 fatty acids

 

15. Which of the following drinks has the highest antioxidant activity?

a.   black tea (no milk or sugar)

b.   orange juice

c.   red wine

d.   apple juice

    

RATIONALE ANSWERS

1. THE CORRECT ANSWER IS (B): STEAM LIGHTLY. Cooking vegetables over a long period or in water can reduce vitamin C content. Still, cooking does make some antioxidants, such as lycopene in tomatoes and beta-carotene in carrots, more easily absorbed by the body. To minimize nutrient loss, steaming and stir-frying are suitable cooking methods. How you prepare vegetables, however, is less important than eating generous servings of a wide variety of them.
2. THE CORRECT ANSWER IS (D): ALL OF THE ABOVE. All three of these foods are rich in health-promoting antioxidants. In a health study that is still underway, researchers compared the diets of more than 73,000 nurses. They found that a diet rich in vitamin E (found in nuts) reduced heart attack risk by 52 percent, a diet rich in vitamin C (abundant in papaya) reduced risk by 43 percent, and a diet rich in beta-carotene (plentiful in sweet potatoes) reduced risk by 38 percent. Nurses who regularly took in this trio of nutrients were 63 percent less likely to have heart attacks than those who did not.
3. THE CORRECT ANSWER IS (B). SUPPLEMENTS DO NOT CONTAIN THE VARIETY OF PHYTOCHEMICALS THAT FRUITS AND VEGETABLES DO. When you snack on a carrot, you get beta-carotene and the countless other carotenoids found in orange and yellow fruits and veggies. Supplements can’t replicate such subtle arrays of phytochemicals.
4. THE CORRECT ANSWER IS (B): POMEGRANATE JUICE. Regarding antioxidant punch, pomegranate juice is off the charts. Studies show that a glass of this fruit juice packs more polyphenol antioxidants than any other drink.
5. THE CORRECT ANSWER IS (B). A NATURALLY OR ARTIFICIALLY OCCURRING SUBSTANCE THAT CAUSES DISEASE IF LEFT UNCHECKED. Because free radicals are missing an electron, they are considered unstable. Antioxidant vitamins and minerals lend electrons to these free radicals, thus neutralizing their harmful effects and protecting against conditions such as heart disease, premature aging, and cancer.
6. THE CORRECT ANSWER IS (D): ALL OF THE ABOVE. Believe it or not, all of these situations can cause the formation of free radicals. Don’t panic: Everyone eats sweets from time to time, and exercise also bestows many health benefits. Breathing is a natural fact of life. The point is that if you follow a healthy diet that’s chock full of antioxidants, you can mop up the free radicals, vanquishing their harmful effects.
7. THE CORRECT ANSWER IS (D): TWO OF THE ABOVE (C AND D). Free radicals can cause base pairs, the building blocks of your DNA, to switch and mutate, which then can spark the initial stages of cancer.
8. THE CORRECT ANSWER IS (C). YOU SHOULD SHOOT FOR THREE SERVINGS OF FRUITS AND VEGGIES A DAY. Three is not enough, though, of course, it’s better than nothing. Ideally, you should aim for five to nine servings of fruits and veggies daily to pack the protection you need. Children ages two to six should eat five servings of fruits and vegetables daily; children over age six, active women and teens should eat seven; and active teen boys and men should eat nine. Following a rainbow eating plan by reaching for lots of colorful produce is a powerful way to protect your heart.
9. THE CORRECT ANSWER IS (D). NONE OF THE ABOVE. All these foods contain antioxidants that can help protect your ticker (in the case of pizza, tomatoes supply powerful nutrients). However, be sure to enjoy these foods in moderation. Pizza and chocolate contain saturated fat; nuts, which contain heart-healthy, monounsaturated fat, are still high in fat and calories and can cause weight gain. Obesity is a risk factor for heart disease.
10. THE CORRECT ANSWER IS (B). THEY ARE THE WEAPONRY YOUR BODY USES TO FIGHT OFF VIRUSES AND BACTERIA. Under exceptional circumstances, free radicals can be a good thing for your body because they are the weaponry your body uses to fight off viruses and bacteria.
11. The correct answer is (D): They all do.
12. The correct answer is (D): Ultrasound.
13. The correct answer is (D): All of the above
14. The correct answer is (C): Calcium.
15. The correct answer is (C): Red wine.

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